A. You don't have to wait until your birthday passes, instead, you can make catch-up contributions anytime in the calendar year you turn 50.
In 2016, you can make an extra $1,000 to an IRA and an extra $6,000 to a 401(k).
You can make $1,000 catch-up contribution to your HSA in 2016 anytime in the calendar year you turn 55.