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5 Financial Things to Review Annually

1/31/2020

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An annual financial checkup can take place at any time during the year and can help you better understand the "big picture" of your overall financial planning efforts.  You can stop and think about your family's financial goals, such as saving for retirement, a house, or a child's education.  You can consider reducing taxes on your investments, protecting your income, or building a financial cushion.

Here are 5 questions to ask when you do an annual financial review.

1. Is my investment strategy on track?
You probably have several savings goals and accounts.  Your annual financial review should revisit each of your priorities and your strategy for reaching them.  If your situation has changed, make adjustments as necessary.  At least once a year, check your target asset mix to ensure that it continues to meet your time frame, risk tolerance, needs, and preferences, and to perform any rebalancing that might be necessary in light of the past year's market performance.

​2. Am I saving tax-efficiently?
Beyond applying diversification strategies broadly to your overall portfolio, what approaches are you exploring to help defer, reduce, or more efficiently manage taxes on your investments?  Basic rule of thumb: Consider putting certain investments which generate taxable income—for example taxable bonds and real estate investment trusts—in tax-deferred accounts like 401(k)s and IRAs. For those investments which are more "tax-efficient"—like stocks and ETFs held for more than a year—place them in taxable accounts.

​3. Am I protecting my income?
You've worked hard and want to protect your income. So it's wise to evaluate your family's total insurance needs annually to make sure you have the right amount and type of insurance to cover unforeseen circumstances that can derail a financial plan.  Life insurance may be a good place to start. If your family is growing, you might want to increase the amount of your life insurance to protect your loved ones. 

4. Am I preserving my assets?
Use your annual review to make sure you have an estate plan, and that it continues to reflect your family status and financial situation.  Ensure that it helps make the best use of the latest estate and tax laws, and that key individuals know where to find relevant documents and information.

​5. How does my financial plan affect my family?
It's not just your retirement or financial future that you are planning for, especially as you age.  You are likely researching and cultivating strategies to provide financial assistance to a number of people that you care deeply for, including parents, children, or even grandchildren.  Beyond college, a lot of parents are helping to launch their millennial children into the world of fully independent living.  Meanwhile, many have aging parents who can no longer live on their own or manage their own financial and personal affairs.  Will caring for others affect your financial goals, priorities, and outcomes?


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4 Areas To Look For Stock Ideas For 2020

1/30/2020

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If you are looking for stock ideas for 2020, Fidelity has an article that shows you 4 areas you could look for them by utilizing Fidelity's stock screen:
  1. Low PEG
  2. High earnings growth
  3. High stock analyst recommendation
  4. Combination of the above
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How to Use Life Insurance to Make Retirement Less Taxing?

1/29/2020

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3 of 4 ​Americans surveyed feel concerned about how taxes could impact their retirement. 

As you plant the seeds for your retirement, now is the time to consider how taxes will affect you when you begin spending your savings.  Often, you’re tending to products that could not only raise your taxes in retirement, but erode your retirement income.  The good news is that you can make solid decisions now to benefit you in the future.

As you grow your retirement portfolio, consider adding more tax-efficient assets, like a life insurance policy that provides a valuable death benefit as well as a different layer of protection to your overall retirement portfolio.
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What Is IRMAA and Why It's Import to Know About It?

1/28/2020

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Q. What is IRMAA and why I should know about it before retire?

A.
IRMAA is for Medicare Income Related Monthly Adjustment Amount surcharge, and it refers to the extra premiums for Part B and Part D that higher income beneficiaries pay for Medicare coverage.

In some cases, even a tiny increase in your income can put you in a higher income bracket and trigger the surcharge, a married couple, for example, could suddenly be paying as much as $1,000 a month more than planned.  And if you convert a traditional IRA into a Roth account, thinking it’s a smart strategy for avoiding higher taxes later in retirement, your additional income could put you in surcharge territory and wipe out some of your expected savings.

What is the IRMAA trigger?
For 2020, the surcharge is triggered when your modified adjusted gross income - your adjusted gross income plus tax-exempt interest income - exceeds $174,000 for taxpayers who are married and file jointly or $87,000 for individual taxpayers.

Part B premiums combined with premium surcharges for Part B and Part D range from a total of $214.60 to $568.00 per month per person in 2020. 

Not only are many pre-retirees unaware of the surcharge, they also don’t understand how it works.  For example, the surcharge is calculated based on your tax returns from two years prior.  

How to tackle it?
If you are married and one spouse is still working, coordinate your health insurance coverage.  You don't need to enroll in Medicare and pay the related IRMAA surcharge as long as your spouse is still working and you are covered under that plan.

Before using this strategy, confirm whether your spouse’s health plan requires you to enroll in Medicare at age 65. In companies with fewer than 20 employees, for example, the employer plan may pay secondary to Medicare when an enrollee is Medicare eligible.

You also can appeal the surcharge.  Request a reconsideration by calling the Social Security Administration at 800-772-1213.  An inaccurate tax return or a life-changing event, such as divorce or death of a spouse, can qualify for an appeal.


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3 Key Changes to Retirement Plans Thanks to SECURE Act

1/27/2020

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Q. What are the key changes with the new SECURE act?

A.
 Changes are coming to retirement rules, following the passage and signing into law of the Setting Every Community Up For Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 (SECURE Act).

But for most people, there are three general areas addressed in the new law worth considering:


1. Retirement plan access
​The new law helps make it easier for more employers, especially smaller ones, to offer 401(k) retirement savings plans. Businesses can get a tax credit to help cover the costs of starting an automatic-enrollment retirement plan. Small businesses can also band together to set up and offer 401(k) plans through a third-party to help them manage fiduciary responsibilities and costs on an easier basis than exists today.
If such changes mean your employer will probably start offering a 401(k) plan, you’ll likely want to take advantage of it.
​

And if you are a business owner, you may want to investigate taking advantage of the law’s provisions as a way of rewarding workers or attracting talent.

2. New age limits for retirement plans
The new law pushes back the age at which you will be required to start withdrawing money from those accounts.  It was 70 ½ years of age.  But, as the new law takes effect, will be increased to 72 years of age.  That means savings can grow longer.

The new law also pushes back the 70 ½-year-old limit on contributing to a traditional IRA to 72.  

3. Annuity Considerations
The new law also opens the door for more in the way of annuities to be offered in retirement plans.


Generally, an annuity is a financial contract where, in exchange for a lump-sum payment or a series of payments, the annuity will make payments to you at a future date or series of dates.  Annuities tend to appeal to those who may be concerned about outliving their savings and want a guaranteed income stream in retirement.

But annuities can vary widely in type and function. And what is appropriate for one person may not be appropriate for another. 
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4 Ways to Hedge Your Investment In a Risky Market

1/26/2020

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Q. I think the market is too high and I want to hedge my gains, what options should I consider?

A.
You can consider 4 hedging strategies for your stock portfolios:

1. Hedge the Market
Buy ETFs that invests in derivatives and other financial instruments that have inverse returns of S&P 500 and Russell 2000.  For example, Proshares Short S&P500 (SH) and Proshares Ultra-short Russell 2000 (TWM).

2. Buy Funds That Sell Short
Some funds invest in stocks that they believe will fall.  For example, Grizzly Short (GRZZX).

3. Invest in Bonds
Bonds usually have very low or negative correlations with stocks, add bond funds to your investment portfolio.  For example, Vanguard Core Bond (VCORX) and Fidelity Intermediate Bond (FTHRX).

4. Add Gold to Portfolio
Gold usually has no correlation with S&P 500.  The easiest way is to buy Gold ETFs, for example IShares Gold Trust (IAU) and SPDR Gold Shares (GLD), or buy Gold Mining stocks, for example, Barrick Gold (GOLD).

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3 Ways to Get Health Insurance Plans For Early Retirees

1/25/2020

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Q. We plan to retire at age 55, what options do we have for health care until we are eligible for Medicare?

A.
In general, there are 3 option for early retirees to get health care coverage:

1. Use COBRA
The Federal law requires companies with 20 or more employees to let workers remain on their health plan, but that coverage is only up for 18 months, and you will have to pay the full premium.

Best for: early retirees need to fill a short gap in coverage, or if you are undergoing treatment and other policies available won't cover your current doctors or providers.

2. Use State Health Insurance Exchange
You can buy a policy through your state's health insurance exchange (www.healthcare.gov), which could be pricey.

Best for: early retirees with preexisting conditions since insurers can't deny you coverage or charge you more for them.  Also, early retirees with low income (eligibility for subsidy is 400% of the federal poverty level - $49.960 for an individual or $67,640 for a couple in 2020).

3. Buy Directly From An Insurer
You can buy directly from an insurer or through an agent (nahu.org).  Off-exchange policies are not eligible for tax credits, but some insurers offer different premiums, cost sharing, or provider networks than their on-exchange versions.

Best for: early retirees who are not eligible for subsidy or are looking for a specific feature.
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Survey Results About Gen X and Gen Y and Life Insurance

1/24/2020

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Believe it or not, more than 50% of Gen X & Y would be in trouble if they lost the primary wage earner, see the results below ...
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Benefits of Converting Retirement Accounts to Roth

1/23/2020

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Q. What are the benefits of converting my retirement accounts to Roth IRA?

A.
Here are a few key benefits by converting your retirement accounts to Roth -
  1. Money in traditional 401(k) and IRA is subject to mandatory annual withdrawals after age 70.5.  The larger your RMDs, the bigger your tax bills in retirement.
  2. Money is Roth IRA is exempt from RMDs, and when you withdraw money from Roth IRA, it will be tax-free.
  3. Money in Roth 401(k) can also avoid RMD if you roll it into a Roth IRA before you are 70.5, otherwise, there will be an RMD, but there will be no tax on it.
  4. Having access to tax-free money can help manage your tax bill in retirement, for example, whether you will owe tax on your social security benefits, how much your annual premium will be for Medicare Part B.

The only thing you need to be careful is every dollar you convert will be taxed as ordinary income in the year, you don't want your current year's income balloon to a higher tax bracket.

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One Solution That Meets Baby Boomers Changing Needs

1/22/2020

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​Retirees want financial security for the future, also like simplified underwriting and combination solutions that offer living benefits.  That’s what makes Sagicor’s WealthCare Indexed Single Premium UL a stand out solution.

​Consider this comprehensive solution for:
  • People with cash on the sidelines, looking for guarantees, flexibility and growth.
  • People who are concerned about the costs of care.
  • People who don’t want to forfeit asset control, because they can have a return of premium.
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Impact of Retirement Age Uncertainty on Savings

1/21/2020

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Morningstar has an article that discusses how early retirement, especially the uncertainty surrounding it, can have significant implications on required retirement savings. It quantifies the costs associated with this uncertainty, a very interesting read if you are planning your retirement.
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So You Want to Retire in 2020?  Here Are Topics to Consider

1/20/2020

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The Motley Fool has a good article that discusses various topics one needs to consider with the decision to retire in 2020 -

The following topics are covered in the article:
  • Healthcare costs: Know how much to expect and how to save for it
  • Inflation: Learn how to manage how far your money will go, over time
  • Social Security: Know how much to expect, how to decide when to take it, and how to increase benefits and avoid reductions
  • The best-case scenario: You have enough saved to retire
  • The medium-case scenario: You have nearly enough saved to retire
  • The worst-case scenario: You don't have enough saved to retire
  • Annuities
  • Early retirement
  • Taxes in retirement: What you need to plan for and how to minimize taxes
  • The non-financial side of retirement
  • Seeking professional help
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The Decade in Retirement - How Americans Pay for Health Insurance

1/19/2020

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New York Times had an article that reviews the changes in the past decade how Americans pay for health insurance, a good read for people who care about this topic!

Workers who lost their jobs in the recession often lost not only their incomes but also their health insurance. Older jobless people who were not yet eligible for Medicare were at the mercy of the individual insurance market, where the likelihood of pre-existing conditions meant that they paid much higher premiums — and higher deductibles — if they could find coverage at all.

But the passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2010 changed that, and the number of pre-Medicare older Americans without health insurance has dropped during the decade.

This year, 9.4 percent of adults ages 50 to 64 were uninsured, a decline from 14 percent in 2010, according to the Commonwealth Fund. The decline would have been much greater if 14 states had not rejected the law’s Medicaid expansion, according to Commonwealth — in states that expanded, the rate for this age group has fallen to 6.4 percent.
​
“People in that age group have much better protection now,” says Sara Collins, vice president for health care coverage and access at Commonwealth. “If they have to leave a job, or elect to leave to do something different as they approach age 60, they can buy a policy in the individual market — that used to be quite risky and often out of reach due to pre-existing conditions.”

In Medicare, the decade has been marked by sharp increases in enrollment and federal spending — and privatization.

This year, 61 million Americans are enrolled in Medicare, 33 percent more than in 2010. Program spending will be $749 billion, up 47 percent compared with 2010. And an aging population means there are just 2.9 workers contributing to the system for every Medicare enrollee this year, down from 3.4 in 2010, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of Medicare data.

The standard premium for Part B (which covers outpatient services) in 2020 will be $144.60 — 31 percent higher than it was in 2010. And Medicare’s trustees project annual increases of nearly 6 percent over the coming decade.

“The numbers speak to an underlying question and challenge that we have yet to embrace: How will we pay for a growing and aging population?” says Tricia Neuman, director of Kaiser’s program on Medicare policy.

Another striking trend has been the growth of privately offered Medicare Advantage plans, the all-in-one managed-care alternative to original fee-for-service Medicare. This year, 34 percent of enrollees are in Medicare Advantage plans, up from 24 percent in 2010, according to Kaiser.

The growth comes despite studies that raise doubts about Advantage plans. For example, a report last year by federal investigators found a pattern of inappropriate denial of patient claims; other studies have questioned their quality of care. And this week, a report released by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General raised concerns that Advantage plans were overbilling the program by improperly adding conditions to patient records.

​“The growing role of private plans — Medicare H.M.O.s and PPOs — stands out as perhaps the most significant change to Medicare over the past decade,” Ms. Neuman said. “This growth has occurred without an explicit policy debate or major change in policy.”
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Will the bill mean I find annuities in my 401(k) plan?

1/18/2020

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Q. Will the Secure Act bill mean I could find annuities in my 401(k) plan?

A.
Based on an article at Barron's, one provision of the bill eases the path for employers to offer annuities as part of their retirement plans by providing safe-harbor language that takes them off the hook if an insurer whose products they use runs into financial trouble. (The employers continue to have fiduciary duty in picking appropriate products, or annuities in this case.)

Academics have long discussed the merits of having some sort of guaranteed income option inside plans to help retirees when they start drawing on their nest egg.  The concern is that the bill leaves the door open to all sorts of annuities, not just the low-cost, simple ones academics favor.

Policy watchers would have liked some framework for what annuities are allowed in a plan. As for when retirement savers will find such options in their plans, State Street's Kahn recommends thinking along the lines of evolution, rather than revolution. Employers have been looking at all sorts of guaranteed lifetime-income options and financial-services companies have been working on solutions for years, including target-date funds that incorporate some sort of guaranteed income option, Kahn says.

If nothing else, the bill will likely bring attention to the need for providing some sort of guaranteed income stream for retirees beyond Social Security.
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Is Now a Good Time to Save on Roth?

1/17/2020

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Contributing to a Roth account makes sense for people who anticipate higher tax rates in the future, as the distributions won't be taxed in retirement, according to this article in CNBC.

In a nutshell, this CNBC article has three main points -
  • Roth accounts may make more sense than traditional, pre-tax ones when savers believe their tax rate is lower now than it will be in retirement.
  • Low historical income-tax rates and a large U.S. budget deficit make it likely tax rates will increase in the future, according to some tax policy experts.
  • It may make sense to split contributions 50-50 to Roth and pre-tax accounts.

In short, experts believe that achieving diversification by saving in accounts with different tax treatments can still be a better strategy, because you can’t predict future tax rates, but you can tax-diversify, hedging your bets by dividing savings between Roth and traditional.
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Protective Guaranteed Income Annuity - All About the Numbers

1/16/2020

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The product highlights below show how Protective Guaranteed Income Indexed Annuity provides three times the guarantees with:

Guaranteed Income for Life
Fueled by a 4% roll-up to the benefit base (which can double in 15 years) thanks to opportunities for bonuses along the way.

Guaranteed Rate Cap for Term
A guaranteed rate cap that won't change for the term so you will never be surprised by a lower renewal rate during the withdrawal charge period.

Guaranteed Flexibility
Two unique income options chosen at benefit election, with access to competitive withdrawal rates at key ages both now or later.
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One Retirement Risk Many People Have Overlooked - Part C

1/15/2020

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In our last blogpost, we used two examples to illustrate the risk of sequence of returns.  Now we will discuss two ways about how to protect yourself from the sequence of returns risk.

  1. Use the right tools for the right job. For income, do not put money into a vehicle like the stock market where the sequence of returns plays a big part.  Instead, put it into an investment that will guarantee you a payout for life, like an annuity.  By guaranteeing your living and lifestyle expenses are covered, you can put your other assets into investments that you won’t be pulling money from on a consistent basis, such as ETFs and bonds.
  2. Separate your assets into buckets that work for you differently. For example, secure liquid funds needed for large purchases in the beginning years of retirement in a stable vehicle in one bucket of assets, such as a bank account, money market account or CDs.  In the next bucket, supplement your Social Security with other products that provide lifetime income, such as annuities.  In a third bucket, determine your probable long term care costs and put money in a hybrid long term care product that does not have ongoing costs.  That way you will have your long-term care needs covered down the road.  All of your remaining assets should be put into an investment vehicle like ETFs, equities, bonds and mutual funds for future growth to keep up with inflation and taxes.
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One Retirement Risk Many People Have Overlooked - Part B

1/14/2020

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In our last blogpost, we introduced the sequence of returns risk for retirees.  Now we will use two hypothetical examples to illustrate this risk.

The following two people having $100,000 in the market during a 10-year period and withdrawing 5% each year.  You will see that the order of the returns of the market plays a big role in the final outcome.

​Example 1.
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Example 2.
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If you look back, you will see both people started with $100,000, however, one ran out of money after 15 years, withdrawing a total of $77,593, while another has withdrawn $95,000 over the same amount of time and still has $58,043 left in her account.

In our next blogpost, we will discuss how to protect yourself from the sequence of returns risk.
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One Retirement Risk Many People Have Overlooked - Part A

1/13/2020

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You have been saving diligently for your retirement, but one retirement risk you may have not considered - the sequence of returns, or the order of the returns in your portfolio.

During your accumulation years (while you’re working), you are not subject to this risk because you are not withdrawing money.  But when you retire (during your distribution phase) you will be.


Sequence of returns risk is a result of the timing of withdrawals from a retirement account that can have a negative impact on the overall rate of return on the investment.  This may seriously hurt a retiree who depends on the income stream from a lifetime of investing.

In our next blogpost, we will use two examples to illustrate this risk.
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What Are the 5 Factors Determine Your FICO Score?

1/12/2020

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Q. What are the factors deciding my FICO score and what are their importance in deciding my FICO score?

A. 
At the high level, there are 5 factors deciding your FICO score, and their importances are shown in the chart below -
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5 Ways Wealthy Families Could Potentially Pay Less For Colleges

1/11/2020

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If you are a family with annual income more than $300,000, and with kids about to enter college, you should read this Financial-Planning article which describes 5 ways wealthy families could or should do in order to pay less for college.
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What Types of Financial Advisors Are Out There and How Much to Pay For Them? - Part B

1/10/2020

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In our last blogpost, we discussed the differences of 5 types of financial advisers.  Now we will discuss how they are paid and how much you should expect to pay for their services.

There are three ways in which financial professionals are paid:

1. Fee-only
A fee-only financial professional is paid based on a fee that could be:
  • a percentage of your assets under management
  • a retainer/flat fee
  • an hourly rate
For example, a financial firm may charge .75 percent of assets under management as their annual fee. This means that regardless of your investment choices, you will pay the .75 percent fee every year. Usually, financial advisors who have a fiduciary duty to their clients are fee-only.

2. Fee-based
Fee-based financial professionals charge a fee for assets under management and a commission for the products they sell.

3. Commission-based
A commission-based financial professional is paid commissions for the financial products that he sells. 


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What Types of Financial Advisors Are Out There and How Much to Pay For Them? - Part A

1/9/2020

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Q. How do I pick a financial advisor and how much should I expect to pay for their services?

A.
At a high level, there are 5 types of financial advisors out there with various titles -

1. Financial Advisor
A financial advisor is sometimes used as a general term to mean someone who advises you on your finances. However, a true financial advisor is a Registered Financial Advisor (RIA) or Investment Advisor Representative (IAR). A financial advisor is held to the highest ethical standard. Additionally, a financial advisor may have other qualifications (like a CFP® or CFA designation).

2. Financial Planner
A financial planner is a type of financial advisor. However, there are no requirements to become a financial planner. A financial planner can help you with your overall wealth management. This includes financial planning and investment advice, tax planning, estate planning, insurance planning, and retirement planning. Usually, you have an ongoing relationship with your financial planner.

A financial planner may hold different designations including the Certified Financial Planner (CFP®), Certified Financial Analyst (CFA), Chartered Financial Consultant (ChFC), or Certified Investment Management Analyst (CIMA). For purposes of hiring a personal financial planner, the most important designation to discuss is CFP® – also known as certified financial planners.

3. Certified Financial Planner™ (CFP®)
A Certified Financial Planner™ is a type of financial planner who can help you with most of your financial planning. A CFP® designation means that the planner had specific training, passed an exam, met an experience requirement, and will continue to meet continuing education requirements. A CFP® has a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of her client — a key distinction from other planners.

4. Registered Representative
A registered representative is a term used to describe financial professionals who are paid commissions for the financial products they sell. Think of a finance professional who holds his Series 6 or Series 7 under this category.

5. Investment Advisor or Wealth Manager
An investment advisor or wealth manager is someone who helps you primarily with your investments. This means that they manage your investments, but they may not advise you on tax, estate, insurance, or retirement planning. An investment advisor will help you determine your risk tolerance, asset allocation, and other investment advisory areas specific to your investments.

Think of an investment advisor as someone who does just one part of what a financial planner does, because the financial planner will also conduct investment advisory services (generally).

In our next blogpost, we will discuss how much you should expect to pay for a financial adviser's service.



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A Comparison of 5 Small Business Retirement Plans

1/8/2020

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Whether you are self-employed or the owner of a small business, there is a wide range of retirement plans designed to meet your specific needs.  All of these retirement plans can help you save money for retirement while potentially providing tax advantages. 

The table below is provided by Fidelity that summarizes 5 small business plans that you should consider -
  • SEP IRA
  • Solo 401k
  • Simple IRA
  • Investment Only
  • ​401k
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Comparison of Term Life Products With Living Benefits Riders in NY State

1/7/2020

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Our last blogpost showed a comparison of term life products with chronic illness rider, but New York state is usually different from the rest of states due to its tighter regulations, below is a comparison table for NY:
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